How Much Water Does an Old Toilet Use?
Buying GuidesFind out how many gallons per flush an old toilet really uses, how to check your own tank, and how much water…
Read the guideWe compare the Maximum Performance (MaP) flush scores of leading toilet brands to help you choose a model that clears waste effectively every time. This guide uses published MaP test data, WaterSense certification, and aggregated owner reviews to rank the top performers.
Research updated June 2026.
TOTO leads with the highest MaP scores (1000g) across its Drake II and UltraMax II models, followed closely by American Standard Champion 4 and Kohler Highline. Most brands offer at least one model scoring 1000g, but trapway design and flush type affect real-world clog resistance. For the best balance of power and efficiency, choose a WaterSense-certified model with a MaP score of 800g or higher.
| Model | MaP Score | GPF | Flush Type | Trapway | Height | Best For |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TOTO Drake II CST454CEFG | 1000g | 1.28 | Double Cyclone | 2-1/8 in. | 16-1/8 in. | Overall power |
| American Standard Champion 4 | 1000g | 1.28 | PowerWash | 2-3/8 in. | 16-1/2 in. | Clog resistance |
| Kohler Highline Classic | 1000g | 1.28 | AquaPiston | 2-1/8 in. | 16-1/2 in. | Quiet flush |
| Woodbridge T-0001 | 1000g | 1.28 | Dual flush | 2-1/8 in. | 16-1/2 in. | Value dual flush |
| Gerber Viper 21-128 | 1000g | 1.28 | Ultra Flush | 2 in. | 16-1/2 in. | Budget power |
| Swiss Madison St. Tropez | 800g | 1.28 | Dual flush | 2 in. | 16-1/2 in. | Style + value |
MaP (Maximum Performance) is a standardized test that measures how many grams of waste a toilet can clear in a single flush. Scores range from 250g to 1000g. A MaP score of 1000g indicates the toilet can flush the maximum test load. For most households, a MaP score of 600g or higher is sufficient, but 800g or above is recommended for larger families or heavy use.
MaP testing is conducted by independent laboratories and is the most widely accepted benchmark for flush performance in North America. The test uses a simulated waste mixture of soybean paste and toilet paper. Toilets that score 1000g are considered top performers. Brands like TOTO, American Standard, and Kohler consistently achieve top marks. Lower scores often correlate with smaller trapways or less efficient flush engines. When comparing models, always check the MaP score alongside the gallons per flush (GPF) rating. WaterSense certification requires a MaP score of at least 350g, but most premium models exceed 800g.
TOTO holds the highest MaP scores across its lineup, with the Drake II and UltraMax II both achieving 1000g. American Standard Champion 4 and Kohler Highline also score 1000g. Among budget brands, Woodbridge T-0001 and Gerber Viper offer 1000g and 1000g respectively. No major brand consistently scores above 1000g because the test maxes out at that level.
TOTO’s Double Cyclone flush system uses two nozzles to create a powerful centrifugal rinse. This design, combined with a 2-1/8 inch trapway, allows the Drake II to clear the full 1000g test load while using only 1.28 GPF. American Standard’s Champion 4 uses a 2-3/8 inch trapway, the widest in the industry, which contributes to its 1000g score and excellent clog resistance. Kohler’s AquaPiston canister flush delivers a wide water flow that also achieves 1000g. Woodbridge matches TOTO’s score with a dual-flush system that uses 1.1 GPF for liquid waste and 1.28 GPF for solid waste. Gerber’s Viper uses a standard gravity flush and scores 800g, which is still well above the WaterSense minimum.
MaP scores are a reliable indicator of flush power, but they don’t measure real-world clog resistance. A toilet with a 1000g score and a 2-inch trapway may clog more often than one with an 800g score and a 2-3/8 inch trapway. Always consider trapway diameter and flush type when evaluating performance.
TOTO and American Standard both offer multiple models with 1000g MaP scores. Kohler’s Highline and Cimarron also score 1000g. The main difference is in flush technology: TOTO uses Double Cyclone, American Standard uses PowerWash, and Kohler uses AquaPiston. All three are gravity-fed systems that are quiet and efficient. TOTO models tend to have a slightly taller bowl height, while American Standard offers the widest trapway.
In direct comparisons, TOTO’s Drake II and UltraMax II are the most popular models among homeowners and plumbers. The UltraMax II uses a skirted design that is easier to clean. American Standard’s Champion 4 is known for its oversized trapway, which reduces clogs. Kohler’s Highline Classic is a top seller for its quiet operation and reliable performance. All three brands offer WaterSense-certified models that use 1.28 GPF. When choosing between them, consider bowl shape, height, and design preferences. MaP scores alone do not distinguish them because all three achieve the maximum 1000g.
If MaP score is your only criterion, TOTO, American Standard, and Kohler are tied. However, TOTO’s Double Cyclone system provides a more thorough bowl rinse, while American Standard’s larger trapway offers better clog resistance. Kohler’s canister flush is the quietest of the three.
Yes. Woodbridge T-0001 achieves a 1000g MaP score at a lower price point than TOTO or Kohler. Gerber Viper scores 1000g, which is still strong for a budget model. Swiss Madison St. Tropez also scores 800g. These brands often use simpler gravity flush systems but still meet WaterSense requirements. The trade-off is usually in build quality, warranty length, and noise level.
Woodbridge’s T-0001 is a dual-flush toilet that uses a 3-inch flush valve and a glazed trapway to achieve its 1000g score. Owner reviews note that it flushes powerfully but can be louder than TOTO models. Gerber’s Viper uses a standard 2-inch trapway and a gravity flush. It scores 800g, which is sufficient for most households. Swiss Madison offers stylish designs with dual-flush functionality. These brands typically offer limited warranties compared to TOTO’s 5-year or Kohler’s 3-year coverage. For budget-conscious buyers, Woodbridge provides the best MaP score per dollar.
Budget brands can match premium MaP scores, but they often cut corners on noise reduction and bowl rinse coverage. If you prioritize a quiet, clean flush, invest in a TOTO or American Standard model. If you need a powerful flush on a budget, Woodbridge is the best choice.
Start by checking the MaP score of any toilet you consider. Aim for 800g or higher for reliable performance. Also verify the GPF rating (1.28 GPF is standard for WaterSense). Consider the trapway diameter: 2 inches or larger is recommended. Finally, read aggregated owner reviews to see if real-world performance matches the MaP score.
MaP scores are published on manufacturer websites and independent testing databases. The best flushing toilets typically combine a high MaP score with a wide trapway and efficient flush system. For example, the American Standard Champion 4 has a 2-3/8 inch trapway that resists clogs even with heavy use. The TOTO Drake II uses a 2-1/8 inch trapway but compensates with a powerful Double Cyclone rinse. Kohler’s Highline offers a 2-1/8 inch trapway and a quiet canister flush. Always match the toilet height to your household’s needs: comfort height (16-17 inches) is easier for adults, while standard height (15 inches) suits smaller bathrooms.
Don’t rely solely on MaP scores. A toilet with a 1000g score can still clog if the trapway is narrow or the bowl is poorly designed. Look for models with a 2-inch or larger trapway and a flush system that uses a wide water surface area. Owner reviews often reveal clogging issues that MaP tests don’t capture.
Best overall MaP score and flush performance.
The TOTO Drake II is widely regarded as the benchmark for toilet flush performance. Its Double Cyclone system uses two nozzles to create a powerful centrifugal rinse that clears the bowl thoroughly with each flush. The 1000g MaP score confirms it can handle the maximum test load. Owner reviews consistently praise its reliability and quiet operation. The 1.28 GPF rating meets WaterSense standards without sacrificing power.
One potential drawback is the price, which is higher than many competitors. Additionally, the skirted design makes internal components harder to access for repairs. However, for most homeowners, the Drake II offers the best combination of flush power, water efficiency, and durability. It is available in both round and elongated bowls and multiple colors.
The TOTO Drake II is the gold standard for MaP scores. If you want a toilet that will never leave you with a double flush, this is the model to buy.
Widest trapway for maximum clog resistance.
The American Standard Champion 4 is known for its oversized 2-3/8 inch trapway, which reduces the likelihood of clogs. It achieves a 1000g MaP score using a PowerWash flush system that directs water around the rim. Owner reviews highlight its ability to handle heavy waste without clogging. The 1.28 GPF rating makes it WaterSense certified.
Some users report that the flush is louder than TOTO’s Double Cyclone system. The color selection is also more limited, with white and biscuit being the most common options. Despite these minor issues, the Champion 4 offers excellent value for a toilet with a 1000g MaP score and a wide trapway.
The Champion 4’s trapway is the widest you will find, making it the best choice for households that frequently deal with clogs.
Ultra-quiet flush with a 1000g MaP score.
The Kohler Highline Classic uses an AquaPiston canister flush that delivers a wide, even flow of water. This design is quieter than most gravity-fed systems and still achieves a 1000g MaP score. Owner reviews often mention how unobtrusive the flush is, making it ideal for bathrooms near bedrooms. The 1.28 GPF rating ensures water efficiency.
Some owners report that the canister seal can degrade after a few years, leading to leaks. Replacement seals are inexpensive but require DIY effort. The Highline Classic is priced similarly to TOTO models but offers a quieter flush. It is available in a variety of colors and bowl shapes.
The Highline Classic is the best choice for noise-sensitive households. Its flush is barely audible, yet it still delivers top MaP performance.
Budget-friendly dual flush with a 1000g MaP score.
The Woodbridge T-0001 is a dual-flush toilet that offers a 1000g MaP score for a fraction of the price of premium brands. It uses a 3-inch flush valve and a fully glazed trapway to ensure smooth waste removal. Owner reviews note that it flushes powerfully, especially on the full flush setting. The dual-flush mechanism allows users to choose between 1.1 GPF for liquid waste and 1.28 GPF for solid waste.
Some users find the flush louder than expected, particularly on the full flush setting. The warranty is shorter than TOTO or Kohler, covering only one year for parts. Despite these drawbacks, the Woodbridge T-0001 is an excellent value for anyone seeking a high MaP score without spending a lot.
The Woodbridge T-0001 proves that you don’t need to spend a fortune to get a 1000g MaP score. It is the best budget dual-flush toilet on the market.
Reliable 1000g MaP score at a low price.
The Gerber Viper is a no-frills toilet that delivers an 1000g MaP score at a budget-friendly price. It uses a standard gravity flush with a 2-inch trapway. Owner reviews indicate it handles everyday use well, though it may struggle with large waste loads. The 1.28 GPF rating makes it WaterSense certified.
The main limitation is the 2-inch trapway, which is narrower than premium models. This can lead to clogs if heavy waste is common. However, for the price, the Viper offers reliable performance and easy maintenance. It is a solid choice for guest bathrooms or rental properties.
The Gerber Viper is a dependable budget toilet. Its 1000g MaP score is sufficient for most households, but consider a 1000g model if you have a large family.
Modern design with a 800g MaP score.
The Swiss Madison St. Tropez offers a modern, skirted design that is easy to clean. It uses a dual-flush system with 1.1 GPF for liquid waste and 1.28 GPF for solid waste. The MaP score of 800g is adequate for most households. Owner reviews praise its appearance and water efficiency.
Some users have reported quality control issues, such as loose handles or uneven glazing. The 2-inch trapway is standard for budget models. Despite these concerns, the St. Tropez is a stylish option for those who prioritize design over maximum flush power.
The St. Tropez is a good choice if you want a modern look without paying premium prices. Just be aware that its MaP score is lower than top-tier models.
A MaP score of 600g or higher is considered good. Scores of 800g or 1000g are excellent and recommended for heavy use.
TOTO, American Standard, and Kohler all offer models with a 1000g MaP score. Woodbridge also achieves 1000g at a lower price.
Generally yes, but trapway diameter also matters. A toilet with a 1000g MaP score and a 2-inch trapway may clog more than one with an 800g score and a 2-3/8 inch trapway.
No. Flush type, trapway design, and bowl shape affect real-world performance. TOTO’s Double Cyclone and American Standard’s PowerWash differ in noise and rinse coverage.
The TOTO Drake II has a MaP score of 1000g.
The American Standard Champion 4 has a MaP score of 1000g.
The Kohler Highline Classic has a MaP score of 1000g.
Not necessarily. The Woodbridge T-0001 dual-flush toilet achieves a 1000g MaP score. However, some dual-flush models score lower, around 600g to 800g.
Yes, an 800g MaP score is sufficient for most families. For heavy use, a 1000g model provides extra margin.
The MaP test uses a simulated waste mixture of soybean paste and toilet paper. The toilet is flushed multiple times with increasing loads until it fails to clear the bowl.
Most major brands publish MaP scores for their models. Smaller brands may not. Check the manufacturer’s website or the MaP testing database.
Yes, WaterSense certification requires a MaP score of at least 350g. Most certified models score much higher.
The Gerber Viper has a MaP score of 1000g.
The Swiss Madison St. Tropez has a MaP score of 800g.
TOTO Drake II is the best overall toilet for MaP score and flush performance. American Standard Champion 4 offers the best value with the widest trapway. Kohler Highline Classic is the quietest option. For budget buyers, Woodbridge T-0001 delivers a 1000g MaP score at a low price. Always verify MaP scores and trapway size before purchasing, and choose a model that matches your household’s needs.
How we rank & our data sources
We do not run physical lab tests. Rankings are built from published, verifiable data and real owner feedback, never paid placement.
Researched by Marcus Bell · Last updated August 14, 2026 · Our review method
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